Uses of Classes:
Classes allow us to logically group data and functions, easy to reuse and build upon if needed. Classes provide a means of bundling data and functionality together. Creating a new class creates a new type of object, allowing new instances of that type to be made. Classes provide an easy way of keeping the data members and methods together in one place which helps in keeping the program more organized. Using classes also provides another functionality of this object-oriented programming paradigm, that is, inheritance.
Python is an object-oriented programming language.
Almost everything in Python is an object, with its properties and methods.
A Class is like an object constructor or a “blueprint” for creating objects.
Classes provide a means of bundling data and functionality together. Creating a new class creates a new type of object, allowing new instances of that type to be made. Each class instance can have attributes attached to it for maintaining its state. Class instances can also have methods (defined by their class) for modifying their state.
Python classes provide all the standard features of Object-Oriented Programming: the class inheritance mechanism allows multiple base classes, a derived class can override any methods of its base class or classes, and a method can call the method of a base class with the same name. Objects can contain arbitrary amounts and kinds of data. As is true for modules, classes partake of the dynamic nature of Python: they are created at runtime and can be modified further after creation.
Class Definition Syntax
pass is in code, we get a syntax error if we don’t use the pass method
Class definitions, like function definitions (def statements) must be executed before they have any effect. (You could conceivably place a class definition in a branch of a if statement, or inside a function.)
When a class definition is left normally (via the end), a class object is created. This is basically a wrapper around the contents of the namespace created by the class definition; we’ll learn more about class objects in the next section.
Class Objects
A class is a blueprint to create instances. Each object created in the class will be an instance of a class.
Class objects support two kinds of operations: attribute references and instantiation. Attribute references use the standard syntax used for all attribute references in Python.
In the snippet, we have created two instances emp_1 and emp_2, both have unique values and different locations in storage. The instances variable contain data that is unique in each instance.
We are assigning values to each instance manually, we may commit mistakes while assigning values manually, to avoid this error we can use __init__ method.
__init__ method will reduce the time and space of code and help us to mitigate the error.
Class Method:
The method is a function in a class. It helps us to modify a class state that would apply across all the instances of the class.
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